type hchan struct {
    qcount   uint           // total data in the queue
    dataqsiz uint           // size of the circular queue
    buf      unsafe.Pointer // points to an array of dataqsiz elements
    elemsize uint16
    closed   uint32
    elemtype *_type // element type
    sendx    uint   // send index
    recvx    uint   // receive index
    recvq    waitq  // list of recv waiters
    sendq    waitq  // list of send waiters

    // lock protects all fields in hchan, as well as several
    // fields in sudogs blocked on this channel.
    //
    // Do not change another G's status while holding this lock
    // (in particular, do not ready a G), as this can deadlock
    // with stack shrinking.
    lock mutex
}

func chansend(c *hchan, ep unsafe.Pointer, block bool, callerpc uintptr) bool {
    ...
    if c.closed != 0 {
        unlock(&c.lock)
        panic(plainError("send on closed channel"))
    }
    if sg := c.recvq.dequeue(); sg != nil {
        // Found a waiting receiver. We pass the value we want to send
        // directly to the receiver, bypassing the channel buffer (if any).
        send(c, sg, ep, func() { unlock(&c.lock) }, 3)
        return true
    }

    if c.qcount < c.dataqsiz {
        // Space is available in the channel buffer. Enqueue the element to send.
        qp := chanbuf(c, c.sendx)
        if raceenabled {
            raceacquire(qp)
            racerelease(qp)
        }
        typedmemmove(c.elemtype, qp, ep)
        c.sendx++
        if c.sendx == c.dataqsiz {
            c.sendx = 0
        }
        c.qcount++
        unlock(&c.lock)
        return true
    }
    ...
}

func chanrecv(c *hchan, ep unsafe.Pointer, block bool) (selected, received bool) {
    ...
    if c.closed != 0 && c.qcount == 0 {
        if raceenabled {
            raceacquire(c.raceaddr())
        }
        unlock(&c.lock)
        if ep != nil {
            typedmemclr(c.elemtype, ep)
        }
        return true, false
    }
    if sg := c.sendq.dequeue(); sg != nil {
        // Found a waiting sender. If buffer is size 0, receive value
        // directly from sender. Otherwise, receive from head of queue
        // and add sender's value to the tail of the queue (both map to
        // the same buffer slot because the queue is full).
        recv(c, sg, ep, func() { unlock(&c.lock) }, 3)
        return true, true
    }

    if c.qcount > 0 {
        // Receive directly from queue
        qp := chanbuf(c, c.recvx)
        if raceenabled {
            raceacquire(qp)
            racerelease(qp)
        }
        if ep != nil {
            typedmemmove(c.elemtype, ep, qp)
        }
        typedmemclr(c.elemtype, qp)
        c.recvx++
        if c.recvx == c.dataqsiz {
            c.recvx = 0
        }
        c.qcount--
        unlock(&c.lock)
        return true, true
    }
    ...
}

func closechan(c *hchan) {
    if c == nil {
        panic(plainError("close of nil channel"))
    }
    ...
    if c.closed != 0 {
        unlock(&c.lock)
        panic(plainError("close of closed channel"))
    }
    ...
    c.closed = 1
    var glist gList

    // release all readers
    for {
        sg := c.recvq.dequeue()
        if sg == nil {
            break
        }
        if sg.elem != nil {
            typedmemclr(c.elemtype, sg.elem)
            sg.elem = nil
        }
        if sg.releasetime != 0 {
            sg.releasetime = cputicks()
        }
        gp := sg.g
        gp.param = nil
        if raceenabled {
            raceacquireg(gp, c.raceaddr())
        }
        glist.push(gp)
    }

    // release all writers (they will panic)
    for {
        sg := c.sendq.dequeue()
        if sg == nil {
            break
        }
        sg.elem = nil
        if sg.releasetime != 0 {
            sg.releasetime = cputicks()
        }
        gp := sg.g
        gp.param = nil
        if raceenabled {
            raceacquireg(gp, c.raceaddr())
        }
        glist.push(gp)
    }
    unlock(&c.lock)

    // Ready all Gs now that we've dropped the channel lock.
    for !glist.empty() {
        gp := glist.pop()
        gp.schedlink = 0
        goready(gp, 3)
    }
}